It is widely used in law schools and by journal and book publishers in the uk and beyond. Example oscola book chapter reference example book chapter reference. Reports citation followed by the court in brackets. The standard legal citation method used at the university of law is the oxford university standard for citation of legal authorities oscola.
These are the sources and citations used to research the rule of law. This citation guide is based on oscola which was devised by the faculty of law at oxford university and we are grateful for their permission to adapt it for the purposes of developing a standard citation style for ireland. Chapter in an edited book from print source using oscola. Cross citation is when you are referring to discussion in another part of your writing, for example on an earlier page or in a previous chapter. The oscola citation style is a footnotebased format, similar to the chicago style. Nested quotes, which are quotes within quotes, use the sequence. Usage, the oxford english dictionary, and harts rules. A rule under which the beneficiaries of a trust, if of full age 18, sound mind, between them wholly entitled to the trust property, and in agreement, may direct the trustees to end the trust and transfer the trust property to themselves as beneficiaries absolutely. It contains a set of strict rules that the student learning to use the oscola referencing standard needs to know. This factsheet provides basic guidance on how to cite law resources using oscola, the oxford university standard for the citation of legal authorities, 4th edn. You will also need to refer to the oscola handbook. For advice on punctuation,grammar and writing style, use the most recent editions of fowlers modern englishusage, the oxford english dictionary, and harts rules. Oscola referencing quick guide series faqs on oscola what is oscola and who uses it. This page also gives access to oscola 2006 citing international law.
This format can also apply to a chapter written by the editors, or an introduction. Oscola university of oxford pages 1 50 text version. Features of oscola referencing systemlegal referencing. The oxford standard for citation of legal authorities oscola is designed to help the author to achieve consistency and to make life easier for the reader. An individual or group that contributed to the creation of the content you are citing. If the case is not reported in the law reports, cite the. Use the following template to cite a ebook or pdf using the oscola citation style. So in the context of oscola referencing, it quite simply means that you are referring to the source cited in the preceding footnote. There is also a quick guide to oscola available as a pdf from. Consistency and accuracy are two of the most important rules to follow in the citation of legal authorities.
Example intext citation for a book tolkien, 1954 example oscola references for online material example online book reference. If the case is not reported in the law reports, cite the all er or the wlr, or failing that a specialist report. Concise guide to footnote referencing taken from oscola. I hope these tips for formatting oscola footnotes are helpful, in the next blog post ill move on to looking at assembling a bibliography. The following guidelines give examples of the citation required in the footnote, so remember to make the required amendments to the authors name in the bibliography. It uses footnotes for citations in the body of writing which are identified by a superscript number, usually at the end of a sentence after the full stop.
Example intext citation for a book chapter coffin, 1999. Alwd guide to legal citation, 6th edition cumulative. In this system, citations are put in footnotes at the bottom of the page. There are two parts to citing references using oscola. To help you achieve these, you are required by the school of law to use a form of legal citation called oscola. Oscola oxford standard for the citation of legal authorities. Oxford university standard for the citation of legal authorities. Indicate title of this appendix as names of cases and institutional authors. Oscola or the oxford standard for the citation of legal authorities is one of the most preferred and popular referencing methods that are used by the representatives of the bristol institute of legal practice and bristol law school. Oscola is short for oxford university standard for the citation of legal authorities.
Oscola uses numbering for each source cited in the text. For repeated citations of a case, you can simply give the full citation each time, or use crosscitation. Experienced legal writers and librarians are familiar with these conventions and probably find them straightforward, but novices can find case citation challenging. A translator, editor, producer, and inventor are a few examples. Chapter in an edited book from print source using oscola overview. It is the law referencing system created by oxford university. If you are a postgraduate law student, you are required to use this referencing system. Oscola ireland is best read in conjunction with oscola. If you are citing international law, you should see.
Oscola 2002 the oxford standard for the citation of legal. Oscola is the oxford university standard for the citation of legal authorities. Citation machine helps students and professionals properly credit the information that they use. Repeat citations in oscola when referring to a source that youve already cited in oscola, you can simply refer the reader back to the original citation. Oxford standard for citation of legal authorities wikipedia. In a crosscitation, briefly identify the case, book or other item and specify the note in which the full citation is to be found.
Use this format for a chapter in an edited book, where the contents page shows that the chapters have been written by several different people. This is the accepted referencing system used by university law schools in the uk. Referencing with confidence printable booklet pdf, 638kb. Alwd guide to legal citation, 6th edition cumulative updates as of march 31, 2019 page xviii, table of contents, appendix 3e. First developed by peter birks of the university of oxford faculty of law, and now in its 4th edition 2012, hart publishing, isbn 9781849463676, it has been adopted by most law. In the gray component diagram, italicize case name and in. A quotation in a foreign language is left in roman font. As the comparative law section shows, the general rule requiring the italicization of foreign words is suspended in any citation of foreign authority and replaced by the normal oscola rules as to. The oxford university standard for citation of legal authorities oscola is designed to help the author to achieve consistency and to make life easier for the reader. The final point to remember is that quotations are. If there is no neutral citation, give the law reports citation followed by the court in brackets. The oscola citation style uses footnotes in the text, and at lsbu a final bibliography is included to fully document the sources you have referenced in your work. Oscola referencing introduction to oscola oscola is a referencing style published by the the oxford standard for citation of legal authorities.
All you have to do is pick the resource you want to cite from the list. An oscola citation machine lets you create citations using the standard 6th edition oscola format quickly and automatically. The oscola referencing standard was designed by oxford university. This bibliography was generated on cite this for me on wednesday, january 14, 2015. If follows that because ibid is an abbreviation, we must follow it with a full stop in our citations lesson number one, although hopefully by now you are aware that every footnote should end with a full. Give the party names, followed by the neutral citation, followed by the law reports citation eg ac, ch, qb. About a fifth of oscola is devoted to discussion of how to cite cases, along with clear rules and examples. It is good practice to use cross citation as little as possible. Oscola quick reference guide primary sources do not use full stops in abbreviations. For each agreement, at least one bluebookcompliant treaty citation is provided, along with a link from which you may download a pdf copy of the text of the agreement from the wtos website. The decision in mullin v richards1 followed the australian case. Dont forget to download your free creative commons pdf guide to the fourth edition. It is named after the case saunders v vautier 1841 49 er 282. Example oscola references for printed material example book reference.
Cases give the party names, followed by the neutral citation, followed by the law reports citation eg ac, ch, qb. To have your reference list or bibliography automatically made for you, try our free citation generator. It is the industry standard referencing style used in uk law schools and by legal publishers. Concise guide to footnote referencing taken from oscola oxford standard for the citation of legal.
The oxford university standard for citation of legal authorities oscola is a style guide that provides the modern method of legal citation in the united kingdom. It is a footnotebased citation system used by law schools across the uk and abroad, and by a number of. Using oscola oxford standard for the citation of legal authorities each retrievable. Generate oscola oxford university standard for citation. When referencing a case as authority, you must give the full name of the case along with its neutral citation. Cite your federal rule in oscola oxford university standard for citation of legal authorities format for free. Oscola the oxford university standard for citation of legal authorities is designed to facilitate accurate citation of authorities, legislation, and other legal materials. When citing materials not mentioned in oscola ireland, use the general principles in oscola ireland as a guide, and try to maintain consistency. How to use ibid for oscola tips to use ibid correctly. Cite your journal article in oscola oxford university standard for. Lets start with a clear statement of what the oscola referencing is. For help with other source types, like books, pdfs, or websites, check out our other guides. Subsequent citations of cases are also treated in specific ways.
Citation of legal authorities oscola, published by the. Oscola does not purport to be comprehensive, but gives rules and examples for the main uk legal primary sources, and for many types of secondary sources. The standard that is used at oxford and many other institutions is oxford standard for the citation of legal authorities oscola. Cite full titles in the first citation, and shortened titles thereafter. Oxford university have kindly made a number of resources available under the creative commons, please see the next tab. To reference souces not covered in this sheet, please see the full oscola guide online details on reverse. The oxford law faculty, after wide consultations with the oscola editorial advisory board, revised the system so as to facilitate an accurate citation of legal materials, legislation, case laws and so on and so forth. Quick and accurate citation program save time when referencing. A professional system of citation 3rd edn, aspen publishers 2006. Cite your journal article in oscola oxford university standard for citation of legal authorities format for free.
The oxford standard for citation of legal authorities or the oscola referencing standard is normally used to cite cases, law reports, legal journals, legislation and any other lawrelated item or source of specialised literature. Examples for oscola example citations and references for oscola click here for commonly used sources click here for further examples. Then enter the relevant details like author name, year of publication, and let the referencing generator do all the heavy lifting for you. Oscola stands for the oxford standard for the citation of legal authorities. Also, note that the footnote marker for the references citation is placed after the quote mark. Oscola referencing university of south wales library. The official oscola guide is a 60 page pdf document, available as a free download from oxford universitys website. Click on the quick reference guide link below for examples of the main types of citations or click on the link for the full guide which gives you a more detailed explanation of how to reference. When citing materials not mentionedin oscola, use the general principles in oscola as a guide, and try to maintainconsistency. Oscola is a guide to legal citation, not a style guide. Oscola is the oxford university standard for citation of authorities. Paintingartwork oil on canvas, lithograph on paper, glass, etc.